Here are some of the latest health and medical news
developments, compiled by editors of
HealthDay:
Baltimore Adopts First-Ever Limit on Single Cigar Sales
Move over, cigarettes. Make room for limitations on cigar
sales... at least in Baltimore.
According to the
Baltimore Sun, the city council has adopted a proposal that
would make Baltimore, Md. the first city in the United States to
limit sales of small, individual cigars known as "blunts" or
"loosies" in neighborhood stores.
The law is specifically aimed at teenagers influenced by popular
hip-hop singers, the
Sun reports, and each cigar contains much more nicotine than
a cigarette. In addition to packing more of a nicotine wallop, the
newspaper says, the cigars are artificially sweetened, adding to
their appeal to adolescents.
The sale limitation could be implemented by the city's health
department within days, the
Sun reported, and would prohibit selling the cigars
individually, at about 50 cents each. Because the cigars would have
to be sold in minimum packs of five, city officials theorize the
increased cost could reduce the number of teenagers smoking
cigars.
Cigars don't fall under U.S. government regulations against
selling cigarettes to minors, the newspaper reports, and this may
have led to a 2007 study by Johns Hopkins University researchers
that found nearly 24 percent of Baltimore residents between 18 and
25-years-old had smoked a small cigar within the past 30 days.
While scientific studies on the impact of long-term cigar
smoking aren't as comprehensive as those that looked at cigarette
smoking, the U.S. government's National cancer Institute says that
research "has shown that cancers of the oral cavity (lip, tongue,
mouth, and throat), larynx, lung, and esophagus are associated with
cigar smoking."
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Indian 'Laugh-In' Has its Serious, Scientific Side
Once again, an attempt is being made to find out if laughter is
indeed the best medicine.
The
Washington Post reports that participants in the
International Laughter Yoga Conference in India are using as many
different types of laughter as their collective imagination can
create to replicate findings from 2006 that showed the
cardio-pulmonary system was positively affected from a good
laugh.
The idea, the
Post says, is for the laughers to create enough energy to
release endorphins -- hormones that elevate the mood and are often
released from rigorous exercise.
In the 2006 study, published in the journal
Heart, researchers at the University of Maryland Medical
Center in Baltimore collected a total of 160 measurements of
brachial artery flow from the participants a minute before and
after phases of laughter or sadness. The brachial artery, which
runs from the shoulder to the elbow, is a good indicator of blood
flow throughout the body.
According to the researchers, brachial blood flow was reduced in
14 of the 20 participants after they watched segments from the sad
movies. Blood flow was increased in 19 of the 20 participants after
they watched clips from comedy movies.
Now, those promoting mirth at the Indian yoga conference are
attempting to add to the original research.
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FDA Panel Recommends Drug for Rare Blood Disorder
Despite reservations by U.S. Food and Drug Administration
scientists, a panel of experts advising the agency has recommended
the full agency's approval of a drug to treat a rare immune system
disorder that causes the body to destroy its own blood
platelets.
The advisory panel voted unanimously Friday to recommend
Promacta, produced by GlaxoSmithKline and Ligand Pharmaceuticals,
the
Associated Press reported. Earlier in the week, FDA
scientists released data that they suggested found that Promacta
was no better than a placebo in treating chronic idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura. Some 60,000 people in the United States
have the disorder, which leads to excessive bleeding and
bruising.
While noting that the drug makers haven't provided long-term
data on the drug's safety and effectiveness, the panel said a pair
of six-week studies indicated Promacta was of significant benefit
to people with the disorder, the
AP reported.
The FDA has until June 19 to decide whether to approve the drug.
While it isn't bound by the recommendations of its expert panels,
it typically follows them.
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Facial Features Affect Perception of Mood
A person's facial expressions and mood can be misperceived due
to differences in facial features such as eyebrow shape, eyelid
position and wrinkles, according to a U.S. study.
It included 20 health care workers who viewed photos that were
digitally altered to change a number of features. The participants
were asked to rate, on a scale of 0 to 5, seven expressions or
emotions conveyed in the photos: tiredness, happiness, surprise,
anger, disgust, fear and sadness,
United Press International reported.
Results for the altered photos were compared to the scores from
the original photos. Overall, eyebrow shape was deemed to be the
greatest indicator of mood, drooping of the eyelids was considered
the biggest indicator of tiredness, and raising the lower eyelid
and the presence of crow's feet were associated with happiness.
The study appears in the journal
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
"A key complaint of those seeking facial plastic surgery is that
people always tell them they look tired, even when they do not feel
tired," study co-author Dr. John Persing said in a prepared
statement cited by
UPI. "We found that variations in eyebrow contour, drooping
of the upper eyelid, and wrinkles may be conveying facial
expressions that don't necessarily match how patients are
feeling."
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Recalled Toy Helicopters Pose Fire, Burn Hazards
About 152,000 Sky Champion wireless indoor helicopters are being
recalled because the rechargeable battery inside the toy can ignite
and pose fire or burn hazards to consumers, the U.S. Consumer
Product Safety Commission said.
There have been two reports of the Chinese-made toy helicopters
catching fire but no reports of injuries or property damage,
according to importer/distributor Tradewinds International
Enterprises Inc. (TWIE), of San Francisco, Calif.
The recalled helicopters have the code BH26047 printed on the
tail. The code WIC 551777 and the UPC code 630990006005 are printed
on the packaging. The toys were sold at Walgreens stores across the
United States from June 2007 through November 2007 for about
$20.
Consumers should stop using the toys and contact TWIE at
888-583-4908 for a refund. Walgreens will not accept returns or
provide refunds, the CPSC said.
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Most Children's Caregivers Ignorant About Household Poisons
Less than one-third of people who cared for children younger
than age six knew the toxicity of common household products, a new
U.S. study found.
"Young children are at risk of household chemical ingestion and
their caretakers often do not have a good understanding of how
toxic those chemical are. Parental education needs to be focused
more on younger caretakers with more children," study leader Dr.
Rika N. O'Malley, of the Albert Einstein Medical Center, said in a
prepared statement.
The researchers screened primary caregivers who visited
emergency departments, asking them to identify toxic items from a
list of common household products. People with a higher level of
education, responsibility for fewer children, and those more than
23 years old were more likely to have knowledge of household
poisons.
The study was presented Friday at a meeting of the Society for
Academic Emergency Medicine.
The researchers said doctors needed to boost efforts to educate
primary caregivers about the risks of household toxins.
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